The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.